By default, you have one light in the scene, attached to your head. For more realism, you can add multiple lights: suns, light bulbs, candles, flashlights, spotlights, firelight. Lights can be positioned, oriented, and colored. Lights do not cast shadows.

There are three types of lights: PointLight, DirectionalLight, and SpotLight. All lights have an on/off, intensity, ambient effect, and color fields. PointLight and SpotLight nodes have a location, radius, and attenuation. DirectionalLight and SpotLight nodes have a direction.

These X3D scenes are adapted directly from the original VRML 2.0 Sourcebook chapter examples. Also available: Introduction to VRML97 SIGGRAPH98 course notes.